SMO307 人员管理 · 标准（Skunk整理）

## Performance Management Systems vs. Performance Appraisal (绩效管理体系 vs. 绩效考核)

**考点问法：** 简答对比题：说出 appraisal 与 management 的关键差别（据课件 Aguinis and Pierce 2008 强调段）。

- Core: effective performance seen as the result of the interaction between individual ==ability and motivation==；传统做法即评估绩效并分配奖励。
- "Performance management" 一词也常指组织目标、框架（如 balanced scorecard）、测量与指标，个体指标由此推导。
- Performance appraisal (绩效考核): a formalised process to review employee performance。
1. Centrally designed, usually by the HR function。
2. Line managers appraise staff，often in just one performance review meeting a year。
3.